The $\text{Law}$ of $\text{Conservation}$ of $\text{Mass}$ ⚖️
A **$\text{Chemical}$ $\text{Reaction}$** is a process that changes one set of chemicals ($\text{reactants}$) into a new set ($\text{products}$). Crucially, every reaction must obey the **$\text{Law}$ of $\text{Conservation}$ of $\text{Mass}$**:
$\text{Mass}$ $\text{is}$ $\text{neither}$ $\text{created}$ $\text{nor}$ $\text{destroyed}$.
$$\text{Total} \text{ Mass} \text{ of} \text{ Reactants} = \text{Total} \text{ Mass} \text{ of} \text{ Products}$$
This means the number of $\text{atoms}$ of $\text{each}$ $\text{element}$ must be the $\text{same}$ on both sides of the $\text{equation}$!
Balancing $\text{Chemical}$ $\text{Equations}$ 🔢
To satisfy the $\text{Law}$ of $\text{Conservation}$ of $\text{Mass}$, we place $\text{coefficients}$ (large numbers) in front of the chemical formulas to equalize the number of atoms on both sides.
$\text{Balancing}$ $\text{Challenge}$: $\text{Combustion}$ $\text{of}$ $\text{Propane}$
Balance the following unbalanced $\text{reaction}$ by entering the correct $\text{coefficients}$ (if the coefficient is $1$, you can leave the box empty or enter $1$).
$\text{C}_3\text{H}_8 +$ $\text{O}_2 \longrightarrow$ $\text{CO}_2 +$ $\text{H}_2\text{O}$
The $\text{Five}$ $\text{Major}$ $\text{Reaction}$ $\text{Types}$ 분류
Reactions are categorized based on how the $\text{reactants}$ rearrange to form $\text{products}$.
1. $\text{Synthesis}$ ($\text{Combination}$)
$$\text{A} + \text{B} \longrightarrow \text{AB}$$
Two or more simple substances combine to form a single, more complex substance ($\text{e.g.,} \text{ } \text{Na} + \text{Cl}_2 \to \text{NaCl}$).
2. $\text{Decomposition}$
$$\text{AB} \longrightarrow \text{A} + \text{B}$$
A single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances ($\text{e.g.,} \text{ } \text{H}_2\text{O} \to \text{H}_2 + \text{O}_2$).
3. $\text{Single}$ $\text{Replacement}$
$$\text{A} + \text{BC} \longrightarrow \text{AC} + \text{B}$$
One element trades places with another element in a compound ($\text{e.g.,} \text{ } \text{Zn} + \text{HCl} \to \text{ZnCl}_2 + \text{H}_2$).
4. $\text{Double}$ $\text{Replacement}$
$$\text{AB} + \text{CD} \longrightarrow \text{AD} + \text{CB}$$
The $\text{cations}$ (positive ions) of two different compounds switch places ($\text{e.g.,} \text{ } \text{AgNO}_3 + \text{NaCl} \to \text{AgCl} + \text{NaNO}_3$).
5. $\text{Combustion}$
A substance ($\text{fuel}$), usually a $\text{hydrocarbon}$, reacts with $\text{Oxygen}$ ($\text{O}_2$), releasing $\text{energy}$ (heat and light). If the $\text{fuel}$ contains only $\text{C}$ and $\text{H}$ ($\text{or}$ $\text{C}, \text{H}, \text{O}$), the products are always $\text{Carbon}$ $\text{Dioxide}$ ($\text{CO}_2$) and $\text{Water}$ ($\text{H}_2\text{O}$).
⚡ $\text{Reaction}$ $\text{Type}$ $\text{Challenge}$!
Classify the following reactions by type (click the correct tile).
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